Which solution addresses the issue of increased cloud workloads exceeding a single server's capacity?

A load balancer is a solution designed to distribute workloads across multiple servers, ensuring that no single server is overwhelmed by traffic or processing demands. When cloud workloads exceed the capacity of a single server, a load balancer can intelligently route requests to various servers in a pool. This distribution helps improve response times, prevents server overload, and increases the overall availability and reliability of applications hosted in the cloud.

By managing how incoming requests are allocated, a load balancer can optimize resource usage, enhance performance, and support scalability. As workloads grow, more servers can be added to the load-balanced environment, facilitating seamless expansion without disrupting service.

The other options provided address different concerns but do not directly resolve the issue of exceeding a single server's processing or capacity limits. Data sharding involves partitioning database data across multiple databases to improve performance but not server load. A content delivery network (CDN) focuses on distributing content closer to users to speed up access, while network segmentation deals with the creation of separate networks to improve security and performance but does not inherently manage workload distribution across servers.