Which command is used to determine packet loss in network troubleshooting?

The command that is used to determine packet loss in network troubleshooting is traceroute. This command helps network professionals understand the path that packets take from the source to the destination and can identify where packet loss occurs along that path. By sending packets to the destination and analyzing the response times and any dropped packets, traceroute can provide insight into network congestion or configuration issues that may be causing loss.

This utility operates by sending a sequence of packets with incrementally increasing Time to Live (TTL) values, which prompts routers along the path to respond with their own information. If a packet does not reach its destination, it can highlight specific hops (routers) where data is not being successfully transmitted, allowing for targeted troubleshooting.

In contrast, the other commands listed serve different purposes: ipconfig provides network configuration details for devices, arp displays or modifies the Address Resolution Protocol cache, and netstat provides information about network connections and listening ports. While these commands are valuable for various aspects of network troubleshooting, they do not specifically measure packet loss.