What term describes an Ethernet frame that exceeds the standard size?

The term that describes an Ethernet frame exceeding the standard size is "Jumbo frame." Jumbo frames typically refer to Ethernet frames that are larger than the standard maximum transmission unit (MTU) of 1500 bytes, often extending up to 9000 bytes. This larger size allows for more efficient data transmission, reducing overhead and improving network performance, especially in environments that handle large amounts of data, such as data centers or high-performance computing setups.

Using jumbo frames can help to minimize the number of packets transmitted over the network, which is beneficial in scenarios with high bandwidth requirements. It's essential to ensure that all devices on the network that need to communicate support jumbo frames, as inconsistent frame sizes can lead to packet loss or fragmentation issues.